Từ vựng & ideas topic "Tax"tiếng anh

Bên cạnh HƯỚNG DẪN TỪ A ĐẾN Z CÁCH PHÂN TÍCH TASK 2 ĐỀ THI THẬT NGÀY 13/6/2020 IELTS WRITING VIỆT NAM (kèm bài được sửa của học sinh đạt 6.0 đi thi thật), IELTS TUTOR tổng hợp Từ vựng & ideas topic "Tax"tiếng anh

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Tax: thuế
2. Registrate: đăng ký thuế
3. Imposea tax:ấn định thuế
4. Refund of tax: thủ tục hoàn thuế
5. Tax offset: bù trừ thuế
6. Examine: kiểm tra thuế
7. Declare: khai báo thuế   >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng động từ"expect"tiếng anh 
8. License tax: thuế môn bài
9. Company income tax: thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp
10. Personal income tax: thuế thu nhập cá nhân
11. Value added tax: thuế giá trị gia tăng
12. Income tax: thuế thu nhập
13. Input sales tax: thuế giá trị gia tăng đầu vào
14. Output sales tax: thuế giá trị gia tăng đầu ra
15. Capital transfer tax: thuế chuyển nhượng vốn
16. Registration tax: thuế trước bạ
17. Taxable: chịu thuế
18. Tax abatement: sự khấu trừ thuế
19. Register of tax:sổ thuế
20. Tax preparer: người giúp khai thuế
21. Tax dispute: các tranh chấp về thuế
22. Tax liability: nghĩa vụ thuế
23. Taxpayer: người nộp thuế
24. Authorize: người ủy quyền  >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng danh từ "authority" tiếng anh
25. Official: chuyên viên
26. Inspector: thanh tra viên
27. Tax derectorate: tổng cục thuế
28. Director general: tổng cục trưởng
29. Tax department:cục thuế
30. Tax authorities: hội đồng thuế

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Give up (v) : bỏ, từ bỏ, thôi; tạm dừng; đầu hàng 
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Ms. Gomez is so optimistic that she never wants to give up. (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Cô Gomez lạc quan đến nỗi chưa bao giờ muốn bỏ cuộc)
• Joint (adj) : chung, cùng 
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: They were joint owners of the house (= they owned it together). (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Họ là chủ sở hữu chung của ngôi nhà (= họ sở hữu nó với nhau))
• Penalty (n) : khoản tiền phạt 
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ:  The penalty for travelling without a ticket is $200. (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Hình phạt cho việc đi du lịch mà không có vé là 200 đô)
• Spouse (n) : Chồng, vợ 
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: My spouse prepares the tax return for both of us. (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Vợ/chồng tôi chuẩn bị bản khai báo thuế cho cả hai chúng tôi)
• Withhold (V) : Giấu, kìm lại, giữ lại 
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Do not withhold any information from your accountant or he will not be able to prepare your tax form correctly. (IELTS TUTOR giải thích: Đừng giấu diếm bất kỳ thông tin nào với người kế toán của bạn kẻo không anh ta không thể chuẩn bị biểu mẫu thuế cho bạn chính xác được)
• tax return (noun) tờ khai thuế, giấy khai thuế
• refund (noun) tiền hoàn trả
• owe (verb) nợ
• fill out phrasal verb điền vào
• file (verb) đệ trình
• deadline (noun) hạn chót
• calculation (noun) tính toán, đo lường
• tax incentive (noun) giảm thuế, ưu đãi thuế
• percent (noun) phần trăm  >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Phân biệt "percentage" và "percent" trong tiếng anh
• overdue (adj) quá hạn
• overpaid (adj) nộp thừa
• due date (noun) ngày đáo hạn
• corporate income tax (noun) thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp
• personal income tax (noun) thuế thu nhập cá nhân
• value-added tax (noun) thuế giá trị gia tăng
• Sales tax ( hoặc VAT value added tax) : thuế giá trị gia tăng
• Input sales tax: thuế GTGT đầu vào
• Output sales tax: thuế GTGT đầu ra
• corporate income tax: thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp
• capital transfer tax: thuế chuyển nhượng vốn
• export/ import tax: thuế xuất, nhập khẩu
• licence tax : thuế môn bài
• registration tax: thuế trước bạ
• excise/ luxury tax: thuế đánh vào hàng hóa xa xỉ, hay thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt
• excess profits tax: thuế siêu lợi nhuận
• direct tax: thuế trực thu
• indirect tax: thuế gián thu
• levy a tax/ impose a tax: đánh thuế
• lift a tax: bãi bỏ thuế
• tax abatement : sự khấu trừ thuế
• tax adjustment: sự điều chỉnh thuế
• tax allowance: trợ cấp thuế
• tax avoidance/ loophole: trốn thuế ( một cách hợp pháp)
• tax evasion: sự trốn thuế  >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng danh từ"corruption"tiếng anh 
• register of tax: sổ thuế
• tax inspector: thanh tra thuế
• Company income tax: thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Environment fee: phí bảo vệ mội trường
• Environment tax: thuế bảo vệ môi trường
• Excess profits tax: thuế siêu lợi nhuận
• Export tax: thuế xuất khẩu
• Export/Import tax: thuế xuất, nhập khẩu
• Import tax: thuế nhập khẩu  >> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn  Cách dùng danh từ"import"tiếng anh
• Indirect tax: thuế gián thu
• Land & housing tax, land rental charges: thuế nhà đất, tiền thuê đất
• License tax: thuế môn bài
• Natural resource tax: thuế tài nguyên.
• Natural resources tax: thuế tài nguyên
• Personal income tax: thuế thu nhập cá nhân
• Registration tax: thuế trước bạ
• Special consumption tax: thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt
• Tax rate: thuế suất

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Income Tax:

   • Definition: A tax levied on the income of individuals and businesses.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government collects income tax from employees based on their earnings.

2. Sales Tax:

   • Definition: A tax imposed on the sale of goods and services.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The sales tax rate in this state is 7%, which is added to the purchase price of most items.

3. Property Tax:

   • Definition: A tax levied on real estate and sometimes other property.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: We had to pay our property tax before the end of the fiscal year to avoid penalties.

4. Corporate Tax:

   • Definition: A tax levied on the profits of corporations.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company's annual report showed a decrease in profits due to higher corporate taxes.

5. Value Added Tax (VAT):

   • Definition: A tax imposed on the value added to goods and services at each stage of production and distribution.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The VAT rate in this country is 20%, making goods and services relatively expensive.

6. Excise Tax:

   • Definition: A tax imposed on specific goods such as alcohol, tobacco, or gasoline.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government increased the excise tax on cigarettes to discourage smoking.

7. Tariff:

   • Definition: A tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The new tariff on imported steel will affect the cost of construction materials.

8. Inheritance Tax:

   • Definition: A tax imposed on the estate of a deceased person before it is passed on to heirs.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The family had to pay a substantial inheritance tax after the death of their wealthy relative.

9. Tax Deduction:

   • Definition: An amount subtracted from one's taxable income, usually due to expenses or allowances.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Donating to charity can sometimes qualify for a tax deduction, reducing your overall tax burden.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Exorbitant: (adj.) Unreasonably high; excessive.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government imposed an exorbitant tax on luxury goods to discourage lavish spending.

2. Progressive: (adj.) Increasing in rate as the taxable amount increases.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many argue that a progressive tax system is fairer as it places a higher burden on the wealthy.

3. Regressive: (adj.) A tax that takes a larger percentage from low-income earners than from high-income earners.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Some economists criticize sales tax as regressive because it affects lower-income individuals more than higher-income individuals.

4. Incentivizing: (adj.) Providing incentives or motivations.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government is considering incentivizing green energy initiatives through tax breaks for businesses.

5. Burdensome: (adj.) Difficult to bear; oppressive.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Small businesses often find the current tax regulations burdensome and complicated.

6. Deductible: (adj.) Able to be subtracted from taxable income.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Homeowners may find that mortgage interest is deductible from their taxable income.

7. Voluntary: (adj.) Done, given, or acting of one's own free will.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Charitable donations are voluntary and are often incentivized through tax deductions.

8. Disincentivizing: (adj.) Discouraging or reducing incentives.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: High taxes on tobacco products are meant to be disincentivizing, aiming to reduce smoking rates.

9. Equitable: (adj.) Fair and impartial.

   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: A tax system is considered equitable when it distributes the burden fairly among all income levels.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Impose:

   • Definition: To establish or apply (a tax, fee, or fine).
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government decided to impose a new sales tax on luxury goods.

2. Levy:

   • Definition: To impose or collect (a tax or fee).
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The city council voted to levy a property tax increase to fund improvements to public transportation.

3. Deduct:

   • Definition: To subtract or take away (usually a sum or an amount) from a total.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Employers typically deduct income tax from their employees' paychecks before distributing wages.

4. File:

   • Definition: To submit or hand in (a document, such as a tax return) to the appropriate authority.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Taxpayers are required to file their income tax returns by April 15th each year.

5. Declare:

   • Definition: To state or make known officially.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: It is important for businesses to accurately declare their profits to avoid penalties for tax evasion.

6. Audit:

   • Definition: To examine and verify financial accounts, records, and documents systematically.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The IRS audited the company's tax returns to ensure compliance with tax laws.

7. Abolish:

   • Definition: To officially end or remove (a system, practice, or institution).
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: There have been discussions in parliament about abolishing certain taxes to stimulate economic growth.

8. Avoid:

   • Definition: To prevent or evade (a tax or obligation) legally or illegally.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Some individuals use offshore accounts to avoid paying income tax on their earnings.

9. Refund:

   • Definition: To repay or return (money) especially as a result of overpayment or error.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Taxpayers who overpaid their taxes are eligible for a refund from the government.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Write off

   • Definition: To cancel a debt or an expense from accounting records.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company decided to write off the bad debt as it was unlikely to be recovered.

2. Phase out

   • Definition: To gradually eliminate or discontinue something over a period of time.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government plans to phase out tax breaks for wealthy individuals over the next five years.

3. Shut down

   • Definition: To close a business or operation, often permanently.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The factory was shut down due to bankruptcy, leaving many workers unemployed.

4. Pass on

   • Definition: To transfer or impose something such as a cost or tax to someone else.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government decided to pass on the increased fuel tax to consumers, resulting in higher prices at the pump.

5. Cut back

   • Definition: To reduce expenses or spending.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Due to financial difficulties, the company had to cut back on employee benefits.

6. Phase in

   • Definition: To introduce or implement something gradually over a period of time.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government plans to phase in the new tax regulations over the next fiscal year.

7. Write up

   • Definition: To record or document something formally, usually in writing.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The accountant wrote up the financial report detailing all the tax deductions.

8. Pass through

   • Definition: To transfer the full amount of something such as a tax or cost to someone else without absorbing any of it.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The increase in import tariffs was passed through to consumers, resulting in higher prices for imported goods.

9. Opt out

   • Definition: To choose not to participate in something.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Some taxpayers opt out of certain deductions because they prefer to take the standard deduction.

10. Cash in

    • Definition: To convert assets into cash, often by selling them.
    • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Investors cashed in their stocks before the new capital gains tax came into effect.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Foot the bill

   • Definition: To pay the cost or expense, especially when it's a significant amount.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite the unexpected increase in taxes, John had to foot the bill for his daughter's college tuition.

2. Pass the buck

   • Definition: To shift responsibility or blame to someone else.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company's CEO tried to pass the buck to the finance department when questioned about the tax discrepancies.

3. Taxing someone's patience

   • Definition: To test someone's patience or tolerance, usually through difficult or tedious circumstances.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Waiting in line for hours at the tax office was truly taxing Sarah's patience.

4. In the red

   • Definition: To be in debt or operating at a financial loss.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After paying off their taxes, the small business found itself deep in the red for the third consecutive quarter.

5. A taxing situation

   • Definition: A difficult or challenging situation, often related to financial matters or obligations like taxes.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Managing two jobs and dealing with a sick parent made it a particularly taxing situation for Maria.

6. To be taxed to the limit

   • Definition: To be pushed to one's maximum capacity, often referring to financial strain or obligations like taxes.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: With the recent increase in property taxes, many homeowners feel they are already taxed to the limit.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Income Tax:

   • Definition: A tax imposed on individuals or entities based on their income or profit.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government requires all citizens to file their income tax returns annually.

2. Corporate Tax:

   • Definition: A tax levied on the profits earned by companies or corporations.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company strategically plans its expenses to minimize the impact of corporate taxes.

3. Value Added Tax (VAT):

   • Definition: A consumption tax levied on the value added to goods and services at each stage of production or distribution.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: In many countries, VAT is included in the price of goods and services at the point of sale.

4. Sales Tax:

   • Definition: A tax imposed on the sale of goods and services, typically collected by the seller from the buyer.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The sales tax rate varies from state to state in the United States.

5. Capital Gains Tax:

   • Definition: A tax levied on the profit from the sale of an investment or asset.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Investors need to be aware of the capital gains tax implications before selling their stocks.

6. Property Tax:

   • Definition: A tax levied on the value of real estate or other property owned by an individual or entity.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The property tax rates in urban areas tend to be higher due to the higher value of land and buildings.

7. Tax Deduction:

   • Definition: An amount subtracted from taxable income to reduce the amount of tax owed.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Donations to charitable organizations may qualify for a tax deduction.

8. Tax Evasion:

   • Definition: The illegal act of deliberately avoiding paying taxes owed.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The businessman was convicted of tax evasion for underreporting his income to the authorities.

9. Tax Incentive:

   • Definition: A government policy designed to encourage certain behaviors or investments by offering reduced tax liabilities.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government introduced tax incentives to promote renewable energy projects.

10. Tax Return:

    • Definition: A form filed with a taxing authority that reports income, expenses, and other relevant financial information for the purpose of calculating taxes owed or refunds due.
    • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Be sure to file your tax return before the deadline to avoid any penalties or fines.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Exemption

   • Definition: The act of being freed or released from a duty or obligation, such as paying taxes on a certain amount of income.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: High-income earners often seek exemptions through various deductions to minimize their tax liabilities.

2. Deductible

   • Definition: An amount subtracted from one's taxable income to reduce the amount of income subject to taxation.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Donations to recognized charities are often deductible expenses on one's tax return.

3. Inheritance tax

   • Definition: A tax imposed on the estate of a deceased person, typically levied on the transfer of assets to beneficiaries.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After her wealthy aunt passed away, Sarah had to pay a substantial inheritance tax on the valuable properties she inherited.

4. Capital gains

   • Definition: The profit made from the sale of an asset, such as stocks or real estate, which is subject to taxation.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Investors must report and pay taxes on any capital gains realized from the sale of their investment properties.

5. Tax evasion

   • Definition: The illegal act of deliberately avoiding paying taxes by underreporting income or falsely claiming deductions.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company was fined heavily for engaging in tax evasion schemes that involved hiding profits in offshore accounts.

6. Tax shelter

   • Definition: Any legal strategy used to reduce taxable income, often through investments or financial instruments.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Investing in municipal bonds can provide individuals with a tax shelter, as the interest income is usually exempt from federal income tax.

7. Value-added tax (VAT)

   • Definition: A consumption tax levied on the value added to goods and services at each stage of production or distribution.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: In many European countries, the value-added tax is included in the price of goods and services at the point of sale.

8. Progressive tax

   • Definition: A tax system in which the tax rate increases as the taxable amount increases, resulting in higher-income earners paying a larger proportion of their income in taxes.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The income tax in most developed countries is progressive, with higher tax rates applied to higher income brackets.

9. Tax credits

   • Definition: A reduction in the amount of tax owed to the government, typically provided as an incentive for specific activities, such as education or renewable energy investments.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: By installing solar panels on his property, Mark qualified for a tax credit that significantly reduced his overall tax bill.

10. Tax treaty

    • Definition: An agreement between two or more countries to prevent double taxation on income earned by residents of those countries.
    • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The tax treaty between the United States and Canada ensures that individuals who earn income in both countries are not taxed twice on the same income.

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