Từ vựng topic"Unemployment"IELTS

Bên cạnh hướng dẫn thêm cách phân tích cũng như bài sửa kĩ càng của học sinh IELTS TUTOR đã đi thi ngày 22/8 nhé, IELTS TUTOR hướng dẫn tổng hợp Từ vựng topic Unemployment IELTS

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• economic upturn/growth: sự tăng trưởng kinh tế
• long-term effect: sự ảnh hưởng lâu dài
• unemployed people/the unemployed/ jobless people: những người thất nghiệp
• economic reasons: các lý do về kinh tế
• be reclassified into different industries: được phân chia và các ngành khác
• Reforms: cải tổ
• Strike: bãi công, đình công
• Boycott: tẩy chay
• Apprentice: người học việc
• Shifts: ca làm việc, kíp làm việc
• Overtime: làm việc ngoài giờ
• Flexi-time: thời gian làm việc linh hoạt
• Maternity leave: nghỉ sinh nở, nghỉ thai sản
  • Học thêm từ vựng về topic maternity leave mà IELTS TUTOR đã hướng dẫn 
• Salary: lương
• Unemployment problem: Vấn đề thất nghiệp/ nạn thất nghiệp
• unemployment situation: Tình trạng thất nghiệp
• negligible unemployment: sự thất nghiệp không đáng kể (rất ít)
• high and rising unemployment: Sự thất nghiệp cao và đang tăng lên
• unemployment rate: Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp
• labor supply/demand: Cung/cầu lao động
• economic downturn/crisis: Suy thoái/ Khủng hoảng kinh tế
• working experience: kinh nghiệm làm việc
• quality of labor: trình độ lao động
• high persistence of unemployment: sự tồn tại dai dẳng của thất nghiệp
• Wage: tiền công
  • Phân biệt wage và salary kĩ trong hướng dẫn của IELTS TUTOR 
• To be unemployed: thất nghiệp
• To be out of work: thất nghiệp
• To be on the dole: hưởng trợ cấp thất nghiệp
• To fire somebody: sa thải ai đó
• To sack somebody: sa thải ai đó
• To make somebody redundant: cắt giảm nhân sự, giảm biên chế
• To hand in one’s notice: gửi thông báo cho thôi việc
• To earn your living: kiếm sống
• To get a raise: tăng lương

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Unemployment: The state of being without a job, typically measured as a percentage of the total labor force actively seeking employment.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: High unemployment rates can have detrimental effects on a nation's economy and social stability.

• Joblessness: The condition of not having a job; synonymous with unemployment.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The persistent problem of joblessness in urban areas requires targeted government intervention.

• Underemployment: Situation where individuals are working in jobs that are below their skill level or part-time when they desire full-time work.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many college graduates are facing underemployment, forced to accept low-wage jobs that don't utilize their qualifications.

• Labor force: The total number of people who are either employed or actively seeking employment.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The labor force participation rate is a key indicator used to analyze the health of an economy.

• Job market: The environment in which employers seek employees and individuals search for employment opportunities.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: With a shrinking job market in the manufacturing sector, many workers are transitioning to jobs in the service industry.

• Economic downturn: A period of negative economic growth characterized by a decrease in production and employment.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The economic downturn resulted in widespread layoffs and increased unemployment rates across the country.

• Job creation: The process of generating new employment opportunities within an economy.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Government policies aimed at stimulating job creation are essential for reducing unemployment rates.

• Unemployment benefits: Financial assistance provided to individuals who are unemployed through no fault of their own, typically funded by government programs.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Unemployment benefits offer temporary relief to those who are actively seeking work but unable to find employment.

• Structural unemployment: Long-term unemployment caused by shifts in the structure of an economy, such as technological advancements or changes in consumer demand.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Structural unemployment often requires retraining programs to help displaced workers acquire new skills for emerging industries.

• Youth unemployment: Unemployment specifically affecting young people, typically those between the ages of 15 and 24, who are entering the job market for the first time or seeking entry-level positions.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Youth unemployment remains a significant challenge in many countries, leading to social and economic consequences for future generations.

• Job Insecurity

  • Definition: The fear or uncertainty experienced by workers regarding the stability and continuity of their employment.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After several rounds of downsizing, employees at the company were plagued by job insecurity, unsure if they would be the next ones to lose their jobs.

• Long-Term Unemployment

  • Definition: The condition where individuals remain unemployed for an extended period, typically lasting six months or more.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite actively searching for work, John struggled to find employment due to his long-term unemployment status, leading to financial strain and emotional distress.

• Youth Unemployment

  • Definition: The unemployment rate among individuals within the younger age demographic, typically aged 15 to 24 years old.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: High rates of youth unemployment can have long-lasting effects on a country's economy, as young people struggle to gain valuable work experience and establish themselves in the labor market.

• Structural Unemployment

  • Definition: The type of unemployment caused by shifts in the structure of an economy, resulting in a mismatch between the skills possessed by workers and the skills demanded by employers.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Technological advancements have led to structural unemployment in the manufacturing sector, as automation replaces the need for manual labor, leaving many workers without jobs.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Persistent: continuing for a long time or recurring frequently despite efforts to address it.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite government initiatives, persistent unemployment remains a significant challenge in many regions.

• Structural: relating to the fundamental organization or underlying framework of something, often referring to long-term economic shifts.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Structural unemployment occurs when technological advancements render certain skills obsolete, leading to job displacement.

• Cyclical: occurring in cycles, typically in relation to fluctuations in economic activity.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: During economic downturns, cyclical unemployment tends to rise as businesses reduce production and lay off workers.

• Widespread: existing or occurring over a large area or among many people.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The recession led to widespread unemployment across multiple industries, affecting millions of workers.

• Chronic: persisting for a long time or constantly recurring, often indicating a deep-rooted problem.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The chronic unemployment in the region highlights systemic issues in the local economy that need to be addressed.

• Youth: relating to young people, typically indicating unemployment among individuals in the early stages of their careers.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Youth unemployment rates tend to be higher than average due to factors such as lack of experience and limited job opportunities.

• Voluntary: resulting from a person's own choice or decision, often referring to individuals who are not actively seeking employment.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Some individuals choose voluntary unemployment to pursue further education or caregiving responsibilities.

• Underemployed: employed in a job that does not fully utilize one's skills or qualifications, often leading to dissatisfaction.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many college graduates find themselves underemployed, working in low-wage jobs that do not require a degree.

• Hidden: not readily apparent or visible, often referring to unemployed individuals who are not actively seeking work or officially counted in unemployment statistics.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The hidden unemployment rate includes discouraged workers who have given up looking for jobs due to lack of prospects.

• Long-term: extending over a significant period, often indicating unemployment lasting for an extended duration.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Long-term unemployment can have profound effects on individuals' financial stability and mental well-being.

• High-level unemployment

  • Definition: Refers to a significant or severe level of unemployment within a specific demographic or geographic area.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The region faced high-level unemployment following the closure of several major factories.

• Long-term unemployment

  • Definition: Describes the situation where individuals have been without a job for an extended period, typically exceeding six months or more.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite his qualifications, he struggled to find work and fell into long-term unemployment.

• Youth unemployment

  • Definition: Indicates the proportion of young people who are actively seeking employment but unable to find suitable jobs.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Government initiatives aim to tackle youth unemployment by providing training and job placement programs.

• Structural unemployment

  • Definition: Occurs when there is a mismatch between the skills possessed by job seekers and the requirements of available jobs in the market.>> IELTS TUTOR có hướng dẫn kĩ SỬA BÀI IELTS WRITING TASK 2 ĐỀ THI THẬT NGÀY 22/8/2020 của HS IELTS TUTOR đạt 6.5 Writing
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The decline in traditional industries led to structural unemployment as workers lacked the skills for emerging sectors.

• Cyclical unemployment

  • Definition: Arises as a result of fluctuations in the business cycle, where unemployment rates increase during economic downturns and decrease during periods of growth.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: During the recession, many companies downsized their workforce, contributing to cyclical unemployment.

• Hidden unemployment

  • Definition: Refers to individuals who are not actively seeking employment but would accept a job if offered, thus not reflected in official unemployment statistics.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many discouraged workers are considered part of hidden unemployment, as they have given up searching for jobs.

• Seasonal unemployment

  • Definition: Occurs due to variations in demand for labor based on seasonal factors, such as weather or holidays.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Tourism-dependent regions often experience seasonal unemployment during the off-peak months.

• Underemployment

  • Definition: Describes the situation where individuals are working in jobs that are below their skill level, education, or experience, or are working fewer hours than desired.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite holding a master's degree, she could only find part-time work as a cashier, experiencing underemployment.

• Technological unemployment

  • Definition: Results from technological advancements that lead to the displacement of workers as machines and automation take over tasks previously performed by humans.

• Frictional unemployment

  • Definition: Occurs when individuals are temporarily between jobs or transitioning into the workforce, often due to factors such as job searching, relocation, or career changes.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Fresh graduates often experience frictional unemployment as they take time to find suitable job opportunities after completing their studies.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Lay off

  • Definition: To terminate someone's employment, typically due to economic reasons or lack of work.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company had to lay off several employees due to the economic downturn.

• Dismiss

  • Definition: To remove someone from their job, usually because of poor performance or misconduct.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The manager dismissed the employee for consistently arriving late to work.

• Resign

  • Definition: To voluntarily leave a job or position.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After months of unsuccessful job hunting, John decided to resign from his current position.

• Terminate

  • Definition: To end someone's employment, often due to specific reasons or violations.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company terminated the contract of the employee who was caught stealing office supplies.

• Downsize

  • Definition: To reduce the number of employees in a company in order to cut costs or restructure.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company decided to downsize its workforce in response to declining profits.

• Outsource

  • Definition: To contract work out to an external company or organization, often resulting in job losses for the original employees.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company outsourced its customer service department to a call center in another country.

• Retrench

  • Definition: To reduce costs by cutting jobs or expenditures.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: In an effort to stay afloat during the recession, the company had to retrench several employees.

• Sack

  • Definition: To fire someone from their job, typically for serious reasons or misconduct.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The CEO decided to sack the manager after discovering evidence of embezzlement.

• Cut back

  • Definition: To reduce the number of employees or resources in order to save money or increase efficiency.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company had to cut back on staffing levels to cope with the decrease in demand for its products.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Lay off

  • Definition: To dismiss employees from their job, typically due to a lack of work or financial difficulties.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company had to lay off several employees due to the economic downturn.

• Get laid off

  • Definition: To be dismissed from a job, usually due to reasons beyond one's control such as downsizing or restructuring.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Sarah got laid off from her position at the factory when they moved production overseas.

• Go without work

  • Definition: To be unemployed or not have a job.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After graduating, John went without work for several months before finding a job in his field.

• Look for work

  • Definition: To actively search for a job.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Mary has been looking for work since she was laid off from her previous job.

• Take on

  • Definition: To accept or start a new job or responsibility.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After being unemployed for a year, Tom finally took on a part-time job at a local restaurant.

• Fill out

  • Definition: To complete a form or application, especially for employment.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Don't forget to fill out the job application before the deadline.

• Turn down

  • Definition: To refuse or reject an offer or opportunity, especially a job offer.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite being offered the position, she turned down the job because the salary was too low.

• Get by

  • Definition: To manage or cope with a situation, especially financially, usually with difficulty.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After losing his job, Mark struggled to get by on unemployment benefits.

• Cut back

  • Definition: To reduce or decrease, especially in terms of spending or employment.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company had to cut back on staff to stay afloat during the recession.

• Drop out

  • Definition: To leave school or a course before completing it, often due to personal or financial reasons.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Unable to afford tuition fees, she was forced to drop out of college and find a job.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Downsizing

  • Definition: Reducing the number of employees in a company to cut costs.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company announced that it would be downsizing due to financial difficulties.

• On the breadline

  • ​Definition: Living at the poverty level, especially due to lack of employment.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After losing his job, Mark found himself on the breadline, struggling to make ends meet.

• To be out of work

  • Definition: To be unemployed.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Sarah has been out of work for six months and is finding it difficult to find a new job.

• To be on the dole

  • Definition: To receive unemployment benefits from the government.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After losing his job, Peter had to go on the dole to support himself.

• Biting the hand that feeds you

  • ​Definition: To harm or criticize someone who is helping or supporting you.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: By refusing to take on additional responsibilities at work, Tom was accused of biting the hand that feeds him.

• To tighten one's belt

  • Definition: To reduce one's spending or expenses, especially during financial difficulties.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: After losing her job, Emily had to tighten her belt and cut back on non-essential expenses.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• High Unemployment Rate:

  • Definition: The percentage of the workforce that is actively seeking employment but is unable to find work.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The country is experiencing a high unemployment rate due to the recent economic downturn.

• Unemployment Benefits:

  • Definition: Financial assistance provided by the government to individuals who are unemployed and actively seeking employment.>> IELTS  TUTOR  hướng  dẫn PHÂN TÍCH ĐỀ THI 30/5/2020 IELTS WRITING TASK 2 (kèm bài sửa HS đạt 6.5)
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: She relied on unemployment benefits to support herself while searching for a new job.

• Structural Unemployment:

  • Definition: Unemployment caused by changes in the structure of industries or technological advancements, leading to a mismatch between the skills of workers and available jobs.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The closure of traditional manufacturing plants resulted in structural unemployment in the region.

• Cyclical Unemployment:

  • Definition: Unemployment that occurs as a result of fluctuations in the business cycle, such as during economic recessions.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many businesses had to lay off employees during the recession, leading to a rise in cyclical unemployment.

• Youth Unemployment:

  • Definition: The unemployment rate among individuals who are in the age group typically associated with starting their careers, usually between 15 and 24 years old.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: High tuition fees and a lack of job opportunities contribute to youth unemployment in the country.

• Long-Term Unemployment:

  • Definition: Unemployment that lasts for an extended period, typically six months or longer.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Long-term unemployment can have serious consequences on an individual's mental and financial well-being.

• Underemployment:

  • Definition: A situation in which individuals are employed but are working in jobs that are below their skill level or are part-time when they desire full-time work.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite having a degree in engineering, he could only find underemployment as a retail assistant.

• Unemployment Rate Fluctuations:

  • Definition: The changes in the unemployment rate over time, often influenced by economic conditions and government policies.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Unemployment rate fluctuations are closely monitored by policymakers to assess the health of the economy.

• Regional Unemployment Disparities:

  • Definition: Differences in unemployment rates between different geographic areas within a country.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The government is implementing measures to address regional unemployment disparities and promote economic growth in rural areas.

• Unemployment Crisis:

  • Definition: A situation characterized by a widespread and severe lack of employment opportunities, often resulting in social and economic instability.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The country is facing an unemployment crisis, with thousands of people struggling to find work amidst the economic downturn.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Rapidly: (Definition: Very quickly; at a fast pace.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Unemployment rates are rapidly increasing due to the economic downturn.

• Persistently: (Definition: In a continuous and prolonged manner; without interruption.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite government efforts, unemployment has persistently remained high in the region.

• Gradually: (Definition: Slowly over time; in small stages.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The economy is slowly recovering, and unemployment rates are gradually declining.

• Steadily: (Definition: In a consistent and even manner; without sudden changes.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The company has been steadily hiring new employees, reducing unemployment in the area.

• Sharply: (Definition: Suddenly and significantly; in a steep manner.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Unemployment rates spiked sharply after the closure of the factory.

• Unexpectedly: (Definition: Surprisingly; not anticipated or predicted.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The rise in unemployment came unexpectedly, catching policymakers off guard.

• Drastically: (Definition: Extremely; with a large and often sudden impact.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Government austerity measures led to a drastic increase in unemployment benefits.

• Alarmingly: (Definition: In a way that causes concern or fear; worryingly.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The rise in youth unemployment is alarmingly high, signaling potential social problems.

• Persistently: (Definition: In a continuous and prolonged manner; without interruption.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Despite efforts to boost the economy, unemployment rates have persisted at high levels.

• Gradually: (Definition: Slowly over time; in small stages.)

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: With targeted interventions, unemployment rates are gradually decreasing in the region.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Unemployment is one of the most serious problems facing developed nations today.
• rising unemployment is one of the most pressing issues in the industrial world
• if workers are not allowed to work for more than 35 hours weekly, then employers will be forced to engage more staff.
  • Học kĩ về mệnh đề if mà IELTS TUTOR đã hướng dẫn 
• If a company was forced to employ more workers to produce the same amount of goods, then its wage bill would rise and its products might become more expensive and less competitive compared to companies with longer working weeks. 
• it is possible that the company either might become insolvent or it would have to make some employees redundant.
• it would be better not to introduce the shortened working week because it works only in theory and not in practice.
• Not only would unemployment be reduced, but the working conditions of employees on very long shifts would also be significantly improved.
• economic competitiveness

Nghe qua bài nói để học thêm từ vựng về topic unemployment và cải thiện kĩ năng nghe cùng IELTS TUTOR luôn nhé!

1. A year from now, the unemployment rate will be

A) fairly good
B) not as high in California
C) very high for the country as a whole

2. One problem is that

A) employees cannot work for more than 33 hours per week
B) employers will extend working hours instead of hiring new staff
C) there are too many part-time workers

3. If the economy begins to improve

A) more people will be discouraged from looking for work
B) people will think that there are more job opportunities
C) there will be an expansion of the workforce

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