Từ vựng topic "genetic engineering" IELTS

Bên cạnh hướng dẫn em cách phân tích đề thi cùng đính kèm bài sửa bài viết của học sinh IELTS TUTOR đi thi hôm đấy và mới nhận kết quả thi 5.5 nhé & cách viết WRITING không bị dư chữ , IELTS TUTOR sẽ hướng dẫn tổng hợp thêm Từ vựng topic "genetic engineering" IELTS

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Gene: A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists have identified a specific gene responsible for the inherited disorder.
• DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: DNA testing can provide valuable insights into an individual's ancestry.
• Mutation: A permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, affecting its function.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The mutation in the gene caused by environmental factors led to the development of a new trait in the organism.
• Cloning: The process of producing genetically identical individuals of an organism either naturally or artificially.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists successfully cloned the sheep, Dolly, using somatic cell nuclear transfer.
• Transgene: A gene that has been transferred naturally, or by any of a number of genetic engineering techniques from one organism to another.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The transgene introduced into the plant conferred resistance to a specific herbicide.
• Biotechnology: The use of living organisms, cells, or biological systems to develop products and technologies that improve human life.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Biotechnology companies are actively engaged in developing novel treatments for various diseases using genetic engineering techniques.
• Genetic Modification: The alteration of the genetic makeup of an organism using biotechnology techniques.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetically modified crops have been engineered to resist pests and tolerate adverse environmental conditions.
• Gene Therapy: The therapeutic delivery of nucleic acids into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Gene therapy holds promise for treating genetic disorders by replacing defective genes with functional ones.

• Gene Editing

  • Definition: The process of making precise changes to the DNA sequence of a living organism.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists are using gene editing techniques like CRISPR to modify genes and study their functions.

• DNA Sequencing

  • Definition: The process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: DNA sequencing has revolutionized genetic research by allowing scientists to decode entire genomes.

• Gene Therapy

  • Definition: The use of genetic material to treat or prevent diseases by modifying the expression of specific genes.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Gene therapy holds promise for treating genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy.

• Transgenic Organism

  • Definition: An organism that contains genes from another species that have been artificially introduced.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Transgenic plants engineered to resist pests can help increase crop yields and reduce the need for chemical pesticides.

• Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)

  • Definition: An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many crops, such as soybeans and corn, are genetically modified to be more resistant to herbicides and pests.

• Cloning Technology

  • Definition: The process of creating an exact genetic copy of an organism.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell using cloning technology.

• Designer Babies

  • Definition: Babies whose genetic makeup has been artificially selected or modified to possess desired traits.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Ethical concerns arise with the concept of designer babies, as it raises questions about playing with the natural genetic lottery.

• Gene Drive

  • Definition: A genetic engineering technique that promotes the inheritance of a particular gene throughout a population.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists are investigating the use of gene drives to control mosquito populations and prevent the spread of diseases like malaria.

• Bioinformatics

  • Definition: The interdisciplinary field that combines biology, computer science, and information technology to analyze and interpret biological data.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Bioinformatics tools and algorithms are essential for managing and analyzing the vast amount of genetic data generated by sequencing projects.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Controversial

  • Definition: Causing disagreement or argument.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The use of genetic engineering in agriculture remains controversial due to concerns about its long-term effects on the environment and human health.

• Ethical

  • Definition: Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The ethical implications of genetically modifying embryos raise important questions about the boundaries of scientific research.

• Innovative

  • Definition: Introducing new ideas; original and creative in thinking.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists are continually developing innovative techniques for genetic engineering to address pressing medical and agricultural challenges.

• Pioneering

  • Definition: Involving new ideas or methods that have never been used before.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The research team's pioneering work in genetic engineering led to significant breakthroughs in the treatment of genetic diseases.

• Revolutionary

  • Definition: Involving or causing a complete or dramatic change.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The discovery of CRISPR technology has been hailed as a revolutionary advancement in the field of genetic engineering.

• Unprecedented

  • Definition: Never done or known before.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The scale of genetic modification seen in today's crops is unprecedented in agricultural history.

• Evolving

  • Definition: Developing gradually.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Our understanding of genetic engineering is constantly evolving as new discoveries are made and technologies improve.

• Rapid

  • Definition: Happening in a short time or at a fast pace.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Advances in genetic engineering are occurring at a rapid pace, leading to both excitement and concern within the scientific community.

• Promising

  • Definition: Likely to succeed or be beneficial.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Clinical trials of gene therapy have shown promising results in treating previously untreatable genetic disorders.

• Contentious

  • Definition: Likely to cause disagreement or argument.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in food production is a contentious issue, with proponents citing benefits in crop yield and opponents raising concerns about environmental and health risks.

• Gene-editing (adj.) - Modifying genetic material, typically using techniques like CRISPR. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Gene-editing technologies have revolutionized the field of genetics by allowing precise modifications to DNA sequences.

• Bioengineered (adj.) - Altered through genetic manipulation for specific purposes. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The bioengineered crops exhibited enhanced resistance to pests and drought.

• Genetically modified (adj.) - Altered by the addition or deletion of genes using biotechnology. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Many consumers are concerned about the safety of genetically modified organisms in their food.

• Transgenic (adj.) - Containing genetic material from another species. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The transgenic mice expressed the human gene for insulin production.

• Designer (adj.) - Tailored or customized through genetic engineering. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The designer baby concept involves selecting specific traits through genetic manipulation.

• GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) (adj.) - Describing organisms whose genetic material has been altered. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Some countries have strict regulations regarding the import and sale of GMO products.

• Engineered (adj.) - Modified or designed through genetic manipulation. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The engineered bacteria were capable of producing biofuels efficiently.

• Modified (adj.) - Altered genetically to achieve desired traits. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The modified crops showed increased yield and resistance to diseases.

• Synthetic (adj.) - Created artificially by combining genetic material from different sources. IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Synthetic organisms have potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Manipulate

  • Definition: To handle or control in a skillful manner, especially for a specific purpose.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists manipulate genes to enhance crop yield and resistance to pests.

• Modify

  • Definition: To change or alter something in order to improve it or make it more suitable for a particular purpose.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineers modify DNA sequences to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs) with desired traits.

• Alter

  • Definition: To make changes to something, often by adding or removing elements.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Through genetic engineering, researchers can alter the genetic makeup of organisms to study diseases and potential treatments.

• Transform

  • Definition: To change completely in composition or structure.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering has the potential to transform agriculture by creating crops that require less water and pesticides.

• Integrate

  • Definition: To combine or bring together to form a whole.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists integrate genes from different species to produce hybrid organisms with beneficial characteristics.

• Insert

  • Definition: To put or place something into something else.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Geneticists insert genes responsible for insulin production into bacteria to produce insulin for diabetic patients.

• Engineer

  • Definition: To design, build, or manipulate something according to scientific principles.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Researchers engineer viruses to deliver genetic material into target cells for gene therapy.

• Replicate

  • Definition: To make an exact copy or duplicate of something.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists replicate DNA sequences in the laboratory to study genetic mutations and their effects.

• Recombine

  • Definition: To combine genetic material in new ways, often resulting in novel traits.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Through recombination, geneticists can create organisms with unique combinations of genes for research or commercial purposes.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Alter genes

   • Definition: To change or modify the genetic makeup of an organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Scientists are trying to alter genes to enhance crop resilience against pests.

2. Clone out

   • Definition: To replicate genetic material to create an identical copy of an organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Researchers have successfully cloned out certain traits in laboratory mice.

3. Engineer in

   • Definition: To intentionally introduce specific genetic traits into an organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineers aim to engineer in disease resistance genes into the plant genome.

4. Modify up

   • Definition: To enhance or adjust genetic characteristics to achieve desired traits.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The team of researchers is working to modify up the protein production in bacteria.

5. Edit out

   • Definition: To remove or eliminate undesirable genetic elements.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The CRISPR-Cas9 system enables scientists to edit out harmful mutations in human DNA.

6. Insert into

   • Definition: To place genetic material into the genome of an organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Geneticists can insert foreign genes into bacteria to produce useful proteins.

7. Screen for

   • Definition: To examine genetic material for specific traits or characteristics.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Doctors screen for genetic disorders during prenatal testing to ensure a healthy pregnancy.

8. Switch off

   • Definition: To deactivate or inhibit the expression of a gene.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: In cancer research, scientists are trying to find ways to switch off genes responsible for tumor growth.

9. Transplant into

   • Definition: To transfer genetic material into the cells of another organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Researchers have successfully transplanted genes into human cells for gene therapy purposes.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Pandora's Box
  • Definition: Something that, once opened, leads to unforeseen and uncontrollable consequences.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The introduction of genetically modified organisms has been likened to opening Pandora's Box, as it poses unpredictable risks to ecosystems.
• Tip of the Iceberg
  • Definition: A small, visible part of a much larger problem or issue.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The ethical dilemmas surrounding genetic engineering are just the tip of the iceberg; there are many more complex issues to consider.
• Paving the Way
  • Definition: To create a path or make progress towards a particular goal or outcome.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering is paving the way for advancements in medicine, allowing scientists to develop treatments for previously incurable diseases.
• Butterfly Effect
  • Definition: The concept that small actions or changes can have significant and far-reaching consequences.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Altering a single gene in an organism through genetic engineering could potentially trigger a butterfly effect, leading to unexpected outcomes in the ecosystem.
• Double-Edged Sword
  • Definition: Something that has both positive and negative consequences.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The ability to genetically modify crops for increased yield is a double-edged sword; while it can help address food shortages, it also raises concerns about biodiversity loss and long-term environmental impacts.
• Crossing Swords
  • Definition: To engage in conflict or disagreement.
  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Ethicists and scientists are often crossing swords over the moral implications of genetic engineering, highlighting the need for careful consideration and dialogue.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

1. Genetic Engineering:

   • Definition: The deliberate modification of the genetic structure of an organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering has revolutionized agriculture by producing crops with enhanced resistance to pests and diseases.

2. Gene Editing:

   • Definition: The process of making precise changes to the DNA sequence of a living organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: CRISPR-Cas9 technology has made gene editing more accessible and efficient.

3. Biotechnology:

   • Definition: The use of living organisms, cells, or biological systems to develop products and technologies.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Biotechnology companies are exploring new applications for genetic engineering in medicine and agriculture.

4. Transgenic Organisms:

   • Definition: Organisms that have genes from another species inserted into their genome.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Transgenic organisms are often used in research to study gene function and develop new therapies.

5. Gene Therapy:

   • Definition: The treatment of diseases by altering the genetic makeup of cells.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Gene therapy holds promise for treating genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy.

6. Ethical Dilemmas:

   • Definition: Moral issues or conflicts arising from the application of genetic engineering.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: There are ongoing debates about the ethical dilemmas surrounding the use of genetic engineering in human reproduction.

7. Genetic Modification:

   • Definition: The alteration of an organism's genetic makeup using biotechnology techniques.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic modification of crops can improve yield, nutritional content, and resistance to environmental stressors.

8. Designer Babies:

   • Definition: Babies whose genetic makeup has been selectively altered to produce desired traits.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The concept of designer babies raises concerns about the potential for creating genetic inequalities in society.

9. Cloning:

   • Definition: The process of producing genetically identical copies of an organism.
   • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell using nuclear transfer.

10. Biomedical Engineering:

    • Definition: The application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical and biological sciences, often involving genetic manipulation.
    • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Biomedical engineering plays a crucial role in developing medical devices and therapies through genetic engineering techniques.

IELTS TUTOR lưu ý:

• Ethically: In a manner consistent with moral principles or standards.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Ethically, genetic engineering raises concerns about tampering with the natural order of life.

• Rapidly: At a fast pace; quickly.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Advances in technology have allowed genetic engineering to progress rapidly in recent years.

• Controversially: In a manner causing disagreement or dispute.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: The practice of genetically modifying organisms remains controversial among scientists and the general public.

• Precisely: With exactness or accuracy.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering techniques enable scientists to precisely edit the DNA of organisms.

• Cautiously: With careful consideration and attention to potential risks.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Researchers proceed cautiously in genetic engineering experiments to avoid unintended consequences.

• Extensively: In a thorough or comprehensive manner.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering has been extensively studied in various fields including medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology.

• Effectively: In a manner producing the desired result.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering has been used effectively to create crops with enhanced nutritional value.

• Potentially: With the possibility of happening or becoming actual.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: Genetic engineering holds potentially transformative implications for treating genetic disorders.

• Sustainably: In a way that can be maintained or continued over time.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: It is important to explore genetic engineering solutions that are environmentally sustainable.

• Conceivably: In a way that is imaginable or feasible.

  • IELTS TUTOR xét ví dụ: In the future, it is conceivable that genetic engineering could lead to personalized medical treatments tailored to individual genetic profiles.

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